‹ Back to the guide
Preserving & passing it on
You've gathered a lifetime of stories, photos, and records. Here's how to make sure it lasts — and actually reaches your family one day.
There are two halves to this, and most people only think about the first: keeping it safe while you're here, and making sure it survives and reaches people after you're gone. This page covers both, plus how to turn your work into something you can hold.
The one hard truth: one copy is no copy
⚠️ Everything on one hard drive, one laptop, or one USB stick will be lost
It's not a question of if, but when. Drives fail with no warning, thumb drives corrupt and get lost, phones break. The most common heartbreak in family history is a lifetime of work that lived in exactly one place. The rest of this page is really just ways to make sure that's never you.
Keep it in three places
The simple rule the professionals use, in plain English:
- Three copies of anything you care about,
- on two different kinds of storage (say, your computer and an external drive),
- with one kept somewhere else — a relative's house, or the cloud.
If a flood, fire, theft, or dead hard drive takes one, the other two survive. Once a year, actually open a few files to make sure they still work.
The easiest, most durable trick of all: give it away
Make copies and hand them to your children and cousins now. Email the photos, mail a USB stick to each child, share a folder. Family history that lives in five households across the country survives any single fire, death, or forgotten password — and it survives you automatically, because others already hold it.
Plain, widely-used file types outlive fancy ones. The rule of thumb: if only one program can open it, it's at risk.
- Scanned documents → save as PDF (ideally "PDF/A," the archival kind).
- Photos → keep the original, plus a copy as JPEG (universal) or TIFF for masters.
- Writing & notes → plain text or PDF outlast old word-processor files.
- Audio → MP3. Video → MP4.
Watch out for iPhone photos
Newer iPhones save photos as "HEIC," which often won't open on a relative's older Windows PC. For anything you're handing down, export or save it as JPEG first.
No physical media lasts forever untouched — so the trick isn't finding magic storage, it's keeping copies and refreshing them every few years.
- Hard drives & SSDs: realistically 3–5 years of reliable life; copy onto a fresh drive every few years.
- USB thumb drives: the least reliable — fine for moving files, not for keeping them.
- CDs & DVDs: burned discs can rot in just a few years; largely obsolete now.
The myth to retire: "It's on a drive in the drawer, so it's safe." A drive in a drawer is one copy on fragile media — the opposite of safe.
Cloud storage: convenient, but rented
Cloud storage is wonderful as your "somewhere else" copy — but it's rented, not owned. Stop paying or stop logging in, and it can be deleted. Spell that into your plan.
- Google Drive / Photos · 15 GB free, 100 GB ~$1.99/mo. Familiar; deletes after ~2 years of total inactivity (but has a "death plan" tool — below).
- Apple iCloud · 5 GB free (stingy), 50 GB ~$0.99/mo. Easy if you're all-Apple; has a Legacy Contact (below).
- Internet Archive · archive.org · free and stored indefinitely — but public by design (great for things you want the world to keep, not private family files).
- Backblaze · ~$99/yr automatic backup — but it deletes everything when the subscription lapses, so it's not an inheritance plan on its own.
The myth to retire: "It's in the cloud, so it's forever." Cloud is convenient but conditional — never your only copy. If you'd rather own your storage than rent it, see Permanent.org under Give it a permanent home.
Make sure your family can actually get in
This is the half almost everyone forgets. Your family can't use what they can't open. These tools hand them the keys — the first two are free:
- Google Inactive Account Manager · myaccount.google.com/inactive · if you don't log in for a set time, Google notifies up to 10 trusted people and lets them download what you chose. ~20 minutes to set up.
- Apple Legacy Contact · in iPhone Settings → your name → Sign-In & Security · names someone who can access your photos, messages, and files after you're gone (with an access key + death certificate).
- A password manager with "emergency access" · e.g. Bitwarden · lets a trusted person request your passwords after a waiting period you set. Bitwarden itself is free, but this particular feature needs their paid tier (about $20 a year).
The single highest-impact thing you can do
Write a one-page "in case of emergency" note — on paper, kept with your will or in a fireproof box — listing where the photos and files live, which drives and accounts exist, and where to find the passwords (not the passwords themselves on that same page). That one page turns all of the above into something your family can actually use.
A third myth to retire: "My family will figure out my passwords." They usually can't — Apple and Google lock heirs out without a legacy contact, and saved passwords are not released even to a Legacy Contact. Set it up while you can.
Give it a permanent home
To make sure your work outlives any single drive or account, also put it somewhere built to last:
- FamilySearch Memories · familysearch.org/memories · free and permanent (a nonprofit), and genuinely easy. Upload photos, documents, stories, and audio recordings of voices, attached to people in the family tree. The best single answer to "make sure it survives me."
- Permanent.org · permanent.org · a nonprofit built for exactly this problem. You get 1 GB free, and beyond that you buy storage once — around $10 a gigabyte — instead of paying every month forever. Your archive can stay private, and you can name a "steward" and a legacy contact to take it over when you're gone. (They pool those one-time payments and run the storage off the interest, which is how they can promise to keep it.)
- Internet Archive · archive.org · free, stored indefinitely, public — good for a memoir or oral history you want the world to keep.
- Local archives, libraries & historical societies · for historically significant letters and photos, donate to a local/state historical society or library. Call first and make an appointment — they'll have you sign a simple "deed of gift."
Note: Ancestry is wonderful for research, but it's a paid subscription — access stops when payment stops, so it's not the place to count on for free, permanent preservation.
Turn it into something you can hold
Files are fragile; a book on a shelf gets handed down for generations. Easiest options first.
Make a book
- StoryWorth · storyworth.com · emails one question a week for a year, then turns the answers into a hardcover book — no design work at all. The least-technical path to a real book (~$59–199 for the year, and the book itself is $39 in black-and-white or $79–99 in color). Watch the overage fee — it's $20 for every page past your plan's limit, which adds up fast if your storyteller gets going.
- Shutterfly & Mixbook · the easy photo-book makers; drag photos into templates. From ~$15–25, and Shutterfly runs frequent free-book promos.
- Ancestry MyCanvas · mycanvas.com · a true family-history book that pulls in your tree, generations, and records — best if your work already lives in an Ancestry tree.
- Lulu or Amazon KDP · turn a finished PDF (even an AI-written memoir) into a real bound book — a single copy can cost only ~$13–20. A bit more technical.
Save the voices
- StoryCorps app · storycorps.org · free, and it walks you through a recorded interview with built-in questions — the easiest way to capture a real voice telling real stories, with optional archiving at the Library of Congress.
- Phone voice memo → a chat assistant · record the interview on the phone everyone already owns, then have a free chatbot transcribe it and shape it into a story.
- Animoto or Adobe Express · turn photos into a narrated slideshow video, in your own voice. Both have free tiers — Animoto's stamps its logo on the video and caps the quality, so pay only if you're handing the video around.
Creative keepsakes
- Ancestor "trading card" decks · printable cards (a photo, name, dates, key life events) — charming and a hit at family reunions. Cheap and DIY.
- Memorial QR codes · a scannable plaque for a headstone that links to photos, stories, and a recording of their voice. Lovely — but it depends on an outside company staying online, so keep your own master copies too.
Where the Legacy Vault fits
Our companion Legacy Vault keeps your information in a single private file on your own device — no cloud, no account, nothing uploaded. That gives you privacy and control today. But be honest about the trade-off:
Local = control & privacy. Cloud/public = reach & durability. A complete plan uses both.
A single private file is, by itself, one copy — and it does nothing to reach your family unless they know it exists and how to open it. So: keep the Vault for what's private, but (1) back it up in three places, (2) tell at least one relative it exists and where the access note lives, and (3) put the non-private parts — photos, your tree, the stories — somewhere public and permanent like FamilySearch.
‹ Back to the guide